Reducing Carbon Footprint Inequality of Household Consumption in Rural Areas: Analysis from Five Representative Provinces in China

doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c01374

	Reducing Carbon Footprint Inequality of Household Consumption in Rural Areas: Analysis from Five Representative Provinces in China
	Sun, Mingxing 5; Chen, Guangwu 1,6; Xu, Xiangbo 5; Zhang, Linxiu 5; Hubacek, Klaus 2; Wang, Yutao 3,4
刊名	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
	2021-09-07
卷号	55 期号:17 页码:11511-11520
关键词	household consumption carbon footprint inequality EEIOA microlevel data
ISSN号	0013-936X
DOI	10.1021/acs.est.1c01374
通讯作者	Xu, Xiangbo(ydxu.ccap@igsnrr.ac.cn)
英文摘要	Household consumption carbon footprint and inequality reductions are vital for a sustainable society, especially for rural areas. This study, focusing on rural China, one of the fastest growing economies with a massive population, explored the carbon footprint and inequality of household consumption using the latest micro household survey data of 2018 linked to environmental extended input--output analysis. The results show that in 2018 in rural China, the average household carbon footprint is 2.46 tons CO2-eq per capita, which is around one-third of China's average footprint, indicating the large potential for further growth. Housing (45.32%), transportation (20.45%), and food (19.62%) are the dominant contributors to the carbon footprint. Meanwhile, great inequality, with a Gini coefficient of 0.488, among rural households is observed, which is largely due to differences in type of house built or purchased (explaining 24.44% of the variation), heating (18.10%), car purchase (12.44%), and petrol consumption (12.44%). Provinces, average education, and nonfarm income are among the important factors influencing the inequality. In the process of urbanization and rural revitalization, there is a high possibility that the household carbon footprint continues to increase, maintaining high levels of inequality. The current energy transition toward less carbon-intensive fuels in rural China is likely to dampen the growth rates of carbon footprints and potentially decrease inequality. Carbon intensity decrease could significantly reduce carbon footprints, but increase inequality. More comprehensive measures to reduce carbon footprint and inequality are needed, including transitioning to clean energy, poverty alleviation, reduction of income inequality, and better health care coverage.
资助项目	National Natural Science Foundation of China[52000170] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41901255] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[72061147003] ; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science[XDA20010303]
WOS关键词	GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS ; ENERGY-CONSUMPTION ; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ; URBAN HOUSEHOLDS ; INCOME
WOS研究方向	Engineering ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
语种	英语
出版者	AMER CHEMICAL SOC
WOS记录号	WOS:000695530700008
资助机构	National Natural Science Foundation of China ; Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.igsnrr.ac.cn/handle/311030/165579]
专题	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
通讯作者	Xu, Xiangbo
作者单位	1.UNSW Sydney, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Sustainabil Assessment Program SAP, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia 2.Univ Groningen, Integrated Res Energy Environm & Soc IREES, Energy & Sustainabil Res Inst Groningen ESRIG, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands 3.Fudan Univ, Tyndall Ctr, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200438, Peoples R China 4.Fudan Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Atmospher Particle Pollut & Prev, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200438, Peoples R China 5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China 6.Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Stat, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sun, Mingxing,Chen, Guangwu,Xu, Xiangbo,et al. Reducing Carbon Footprint Inequality of Household Consumption in Rural Areas: Analysis from Five Representative Provinces in China[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,2021,55(17):11511-11520.
APA	Sun, Mingxing,Chen, Guangwu,Xu, Xiangbo,Zhang, Linxiu,Hubacek, Klaus,&Wang, Yutao.(2021).Reducing Carbon Footprint Inequality of Household Consumption in Rural Areas: Analysis from Five Representative Provinces in China.ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,55(17),11511-11520.
MLA	Sun, Mingxing,et al."Reducing Carbon Footprint Inequality of Household Consumption in Rural Areas: Analysis from Five Representative Provinces in China".ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 55.17(2021):11511-11520.