First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab0c96

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	First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation
	Akiyama,Kazunori 132,133,134,135; Alberdi,Antxon 131; Alef,Walter 130; Asada,Keiichi 129; Azulay,Rebecca 127,128,130; Baczko,Anne-Kathrin 130; Ball,David 126; Balokovi?,Mislav 125,132; Barrett,John 134; Bintley,Dan 124
刊名	The Astrophysical Journal Letters
	2019-04-10
卷号	875 期号:1
关键词	black hole physics galaxies: individual (M87) Galaxy: center gravitational lensing: strong instrumentation: interferometers techniques: high angular resolution
ISSN号	2041-8205
DOI	10.3847/2041-8213/ab0c96
英文摘要	Abstract The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) array that comprises millimeter- and submillimeter-wavelength telescopes separated by distances comparable to the diameter of the Earth. At a nominal operating wavelength of ～1.3 mm, EHT angular resolution (λ/D) is ～25 μas, which is sufficient to resolve nearby supermassive black hole candidates on spatial and temporal scales that correspond to their event horizons. With this capability, the EHT scientific goals are to probe general relativistic effects in the strong-field regime and to study accretion and relativistic jet formation near the black hole boundary. In this Letter we describe the system design of the EHT, detail the technology and instrumentation that enable observations, and provide measures of its performance. Meeting the EHT science objectives has required several key developments that have facilitated the robust extension of the VLBI technique to EHT observing wavelengths and the production of instrumentation that can be deployed on a heterogeneous array of existing telescopes and facilities. To meet sensitivity requirements, high-bandwidth digital systems were developed that process data at rates of 64?gigabit s?1, exceeding those of currently operating cm-wavelength VLBI arrays by more than an order of magnitude. Associated improvements include the development of phasing systems at array facilities, new receiver installation at several sites, and the deployment of hydrogen maser frequency standards to ensure coherent data capture across the array. These efforts led to the coordination and execution of the first Global EHT observations in 2017 April, and to event-horizon-scale imaging of the supermassive black hole candidate in M87.
语种	英语
出版者	The American Astronomical Society
WOS记录号	IOP:2041-8205-875-1-AB0C96
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://119.78.226.72/handle/331011/31821]
专题	中国科学院上海天文台
作者单位	1.Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2.Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, 645 N. A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA 3.Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique, 300 rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, France 4.Department of Astrophysics, Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands 5.Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, ON, N2L 2Y5, Canada 6.Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada 7.Waterloo Centre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1 Canada 8.Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Daedeok-daero 776, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of Korea 9.University of Science and Technology, Gajeong-ro 217, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea 10.Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Akiyama,Kazunori,Alberdi,Antxon,Alef,Walter,et al. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation[J]. The Astrophysical Journal Letters,2019,875(1).
APA	Akiyama,Kazunori.,Alberdi,Antxon.,Alef,Walter.,Asada,Keiichi.,Azulay,Rebecca.,...&Ziurys,Lucy.(2019).First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation.The Astrophysical Journal Letters,875(1).
MLA	Akiyama,Kazunori,et al."First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. Array and Instrumentation".The Astrophysical Journal Letters 875.1(2019).