Dark purple nectar as a foraging signal in a bird-pollinated Himalayan plant

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	Dark purple nectar as a foraging signal in a bird-pollinated Himalayan plant
	Zhang, Feng-Ping 1; Cai, Xiang-Hai2 ; Wang, Hong1 ; Ren, Zong-Xin 3; Larson-Rabin, Zachary 3; Li, De-Zhu1,3
刊名	NEW PHYTOLOGIST
	2012
卷号	193 期号:1 页码:188-195
关键词	5-hydroxyflavylium anthocyanidin bird pollinator dark purple nectar foraging signal Himalayas Leucosceptrum canum
ISSN号	0028-646X
通讯作者	Li, DZ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Biodivers & Biogeog, Kunming 650204, Peoples R China, wanghong@mail.kib.ac.cn ; dzl@mail.kib.ac.cn
英文摘要	Some plants secrete coloured nectar to attract pollinators, but little is known about the chemical origins of nectar colouration and its ecological function. Leucosceptrum canum stands out as the only plant with coloured nectar recorded in the Himalayas. Here, we focused on the compound associated with the dark colour of the nectar, as well as its secretion dynamics during the flowering season and its relationship to pollinators. Fresh nectar was analysed by semi-preparative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), LC-MS and HRESIMS (high resolution electronspray ionization mass spectroscopy) to determine which compound causes the nectar colouration. Behavioural experiments were conducted with birds and honeybees to elucidate the effect of the nectar colour and volume on pollinators. We identified a purple anthocyanidin, 5-hydroxyflavylium, as a natural nectar product for the first time. Two short-billed birds were found to pollinate this plant, which employs two nectar-based mechanisms to direct bird pollinators to reproductively active flowers, controlling nectar palatability and presenting a foraging signal for birds by altering nectar volume and colour in a developmental stage-specific manner. 5-Hydroxyflavylium was found to be the cause of the nectar colouration, the function of which is to act as a foraging signal to increase pollination efficiency through nectar visibility and palatability.
学科主题	Plant Sciences
类目[WOS]	Plant Sciences
研究领域[WOS]	Plant Sciences
关键词[WOS]	LEUCOSCEPTRUM-CANUM ; COLORED NECTAR ; REABSORPTION ; SECRETION ; EVOLUTION ; FLOWERS ; ECOLOGY ; MYSTERY
收录类别	SCI
资助信息	Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany (KIB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)[2007CB411603, 52Y0264111L1]; Science Foundation of Yunnan Province, China[312010CD105]; State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, KIB, CAS[52P2010-KF05]; CAS[292010312D11036]
语种	英语
WOS记录号	WOS:000298300800021
公开日期	2012-06-07
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/10547]
专题	昆明植物研究所_中国西南野生生物种质资源库
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Biodivers & Biogeog, Kunming 650204, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, State Key Lab Phytochem & Plant Resources W China, Kunming 650204, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Plant Germplasm & Genom Ctr, Germplasm Bank Wild Species, Kunming 650204, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhang, Feng-Ping,Cai, Xiang-Hai,Wang, Hong,et al. Dark purple nectar as a foraging signal in a bird-pollinated Himalayan plant[J]. NEW PHYTOLOGIST,2012,193(1):188-195.
APA	Zhang, Feng-Ping,Cai, Xiang-Hai,Wang, Hong,Ren, Zong-Xin,Larson-Rabin, Zachary,&Li, De-Zhu.(2012).Dark purple nectar as a foraging signal in a bird-pollinated Himalayan plant.NEW PHYTOLOGIST,193(1),188-195.
MLA	Zhang, Feng-Ping,et al."Dark purple nectar as a foraging signal in a bird-pollinated Himalayan plant".NEW PHYTOLOGIST 193.1(2012):188-195.