| 题名 | 叶尔羌河流域乡村聚落发展研究 |
| 作者 | 强海洋 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2009 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 张小雷，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 关键词 | 叶尔羌河流域 |
| 其他题名 | Development and evolution of rural settlements in the arid area of Northwest China：a case study on the Yarkent River Basin |
| 学位专业 | 人文地理学 |
| 中文摘要 | 乡村聚落既是一个地理社会单元，又是一个空间结构单元，向来是人地关系地域体系研究的重要领域之一。流域区作为一种以水资源为联系纽带的特殊区域，具有自然和经济的二重性。流域乡村聚落是建立在流域自然地理环境基底上的居民点的自然坐落，具有整体性和关联性、区段性和差异性、层次性和结构性等特征。由于流域乡村聚落的特殊性质，使其天然的成为组织和管理国民经济的基础的重要组成部分。叶尔羌河流域具有悠久的开发历史，在我国西北干旱区国民经济空间发展单元中，占有相当重要的地位。由于叶尔羌河流域的复杂性和重要性，一直以来都是多学科的研究热点，聚落地理学更是概莫能外。以往叶尔羌河流域乡村聚落研究主要集中在以零星居民点的静态描述研究为主，本文则从流域的整体性着手，以流域乡村聚落地理格局的空间分异出发，分自然地理、行政区划和微观农户三个不同视角，对其进行综合研究，研究的重点集中在叶尔羌河流域乡村聚落的地理空间分异的现状和分异的过程以及影响乡村聚落地理空间分异的主致因素。全文共分七个章节，其中四五六章为重点，具体来说有以下几个方面： 第一章为引言部分，概括研究的背景和研究目标以及研究方法。第二章为述评部分。首先，在大量国内外文献总结的基础上，对乡村聚落形态的概念及内涵做出全面的阐释，然后从多学科视角总结和概括其演化特征，在宏观时间和空间视野中分析了聚落形态演化的一般过程和作用机制。第三章对叶尔羌河流域的自然地理范围进行界定，并对区域社会经济发展概况进行了简要概述与分析。第四章至第六章以叶尔羌河流域为例，对其进行实证研究，着力探讨这一地区乡村聚落形态的演变过程。各章陈述基本依据聚落形态的空间格局、动力机制、要素变动、结构模式互动等逐次展开。其中：第四章分析了不同尺度下叶尔羌河流域乡村聚落的空间分布格局，并力图从地域独特的自然环境和文化特质认识这一地区乡村聚居生活方式的特点和聚落空间形态的绵延方式。研究指出，独特的自然地理环境塑造出不同的景观格局，对于聚落的空间塑造尤其关键。第五章对叶尔羌河流域的综合条件进行思考，乡村聚落的演进机制与动力机制如何相互作用，促进乡村聚落的发生演变。研究从乡村自然经济结构入手，着重探讨相互交融机制下，生产力对于生产关系的影响以及进一步改变乡村聚落的形态特征和产生新的驱动力，揭示出庞杂发展背景下乡村聚落的多元发展路径。第六章在上述分析基础上，探讨多元背景下，乡村聚落发展的出路。研究指出，乡村聚落的发展模式与乡村的发展息息相关，乡村聚落的发展规律的正确把握是整合资源，克服衰败的有效手段。基于此，作者提出相应的引导措施，并重点强调调整是今后聚落空间发展的主旋律。第七章为结语部分，对本篇论文的主要研究成果以及存在问题进行了讨论。Rural settlements is not only a geographical unit of society but also a structural unit of space，which has always been one of the important areas of man-land relationship geographical system. River basin，as the special region related by water，shares the characteristics both of natural and economic. Basin rural settlements is natural settlement that built on the basin's natural and geographical environment，and bears the characteristics of the integrality and relativity，the sectionality and differentiality，the hierarchy and network and the opening and dissipation etc. Cause of its special characteristics，river basin rural settlements becomes the important part of the eco-zoning system for organizing and managing national economy naturally. There is a long development history in the Yarkant river basin，and it has special status in the arid area of national northwest spatial exploitation. Yarkant river basin is always the hot topic of many studies besides settlement geography，because of its complexity and importance. The research on the Yarkant river basin rural settlement always focused on scattered human settlements by the static description，in this article studied the Yarkant river basin rural settlement in the aspect of spatial diference of river basin rural settlement in three spatial level including the physical geography、administrative divisions and the micro-farmers. And this study focused on the status of spatial difference and its change，further the article analyzed the main factors that affect the spatial diference. The full text totally is divided into seven chapters, which focus on chapter 4、5and 6，concrete to say that have below a few aspects： The chapter 1 explained the general background and research goals and research methods . The chapter 2 summed up in a large number of domestic and foreign literature，and set forth its concept and content. Based on the multi-disciplinary perspective and then in a more macroscopic view of the temporal and spatial to summed up and summarized the characteristics of its evolution process and power mechanism. The chapter 3 defined the geographical scope and gave us a brief overview and analysis of the regional socio-economic development. The chapters 4-6 aimed at the Yarkant River Basin to proceed the demonstration research. Focus on rural settlements in the region to explore the evolution of morphology. Chapters presented form the basis of the spatial pattern of settlement，the dynamic mechanism，elements of change in interaction patterns successive start. The chapter 4 analyzed the different scales to Yarkant River Basin of the spatial distribution of rural settlement patterns，and seek from the unique natural geographical environment and cultural characteristics of this region. Studies have indicated that the unique geographical environment shaping the different landscape patterns，it is more important for the shape of the rural settlement. The chapter 5 had a thinking that the rural settlement mechanism and the driving force how to interact each other which promoting the evolution of rural settlements. Research on the economic structure of the village to start，focused on the mechanism of mutual integration, productivity impact of the production relations，as well as further changes in morphology of rural settlements and a new driving force，to reveal the context of complex development of the diversified development of rural settlements path. On the basis of the above analysis，the chapter 6 explored the development of the rural settlements on the multicultural background.. Studies have indicated that the development model of rural settlements and rural development is closely related，the law of the rural settlements development is integration of resources to overcome the decline. Basis of the analysis and the thinking of this，the author pointed outadjustmentis the future of space development of the main theme of the settlement. Finally，this paper summarized main conclusion about this thesis and the problems in it. |
| 学科主题 | 区域发展 |
| 公开日期 | 2010-11-12 |
| 页码 | 共81页 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8442]  |
| 专题 | 新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据) |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 强海洋. 叶尔羌河流域乡村聚落发展研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所. 2009. |
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